What is Adapted Physical Education?
In California, the physical education program designed for individuals with disabilities is called adapted physical education as it is defined in 5 CCR Sec.3051.5 The program is adapted to meet the needs of each student through modifications and accommodations.
Why is Physical Education important?
The many benefits of physical activity have been documented through years of research including those contained in Leading Health Indicators for Healthy People 2020. These benefits include increased muscular strength, stimulation of bone growth, cardiovascular fitness and flexibility, which enable the body to move and function more efficiently and contribute to personal health. In addition, individuals can attain higher levels of functional movement skills, fundamental movement patterns and skills and sport skills by receiving physical education and participating in physical activity. The attainment of these skills and patterns promotes a higher quality of life and greater opportunity for social interaction with others. (California Department of Education Special Education Division, 2012)
Why is Physical Education Important for People with Disabilities?
Current evidence suggests that children with disabilities are 4.5 times less likely to engage in physical activity compared to children without disabilities (American College of Sports Medicine, 2023) Scientific research has demonstrated repeatedly that physical education can enhance academic performance and cognitive function. For children with special needs, it’s valuable for so many reasons, from providing an opportunity to build collaborative and social skills, to teaching individuals how to focus on specific goals and overcome obstacles.
PHYSICAL BENEFITS
Reduce risk of heart disease, high blood pressure, colon cancer and diabetes
Increase stamina and muscle strength in those with chronic and/or disabling conditions
Reduce joint swelling associated with arthritis
MENTAL BENEFITS
Reduce symptoms of anxiety and depression
Increased cognitive performance and awareness
EMOTIONAL BENEFITS
Improvement in mood and self-perception due to endorphin
General sense of happiness and well-being
Increase social integration and friendships
Enjoyable interactions with peers and staff
Reduced feelings of isolation and social withdrawal
Higher level of independence
Better quality of life (United Disabilities Services Foundation, 2023)